Review of Neck Muscles

The neck muscles are an intricate and complex group of muscles that make up an important part of the human anatomy. They are responsible for supporting the head and neck, and controlling and stabilizing head and neck movement. In this review, we will discuss the anatomy of the neck muscles, their various functions, and common injuries and issues associated with them.

Anatomy of Neck Muscles

The neck muscles are comprised of three groups of muscles: the superficial, intermediate, and deep muscles. The superficial muscles, which are typically the most visible, are located closest to the skin of the neck. They consist of sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, splenius capitis, and levator scapulae.

The intermediate muscles are located beneath the superficial group and are responsible for stabilizing the head and neck. These include the semispinalis capitis, longissimus capitis, and scalenes.

The deep muscles are the muscles closest to the spine and are responsible for providing stability and movement to the head and neck. These muscles include the sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, and scalenus anterior.

Functions of Neck Muscles

The neck muscles play an important role in providing stability and movement to the head and neck. They are responsible for controlling and stabilizing head and neck movement, as well as posture and balance. The neck muscles also help to maintain the alignment of the head and neck, and facilitate breathing and speaking.

The sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, splenius capitis, and levator scapulae are responsible for the movement of the head and neck, such as turning the head from side to side and tilting the head up or down. The semispinalis capitis, longissimus capitis, and scalenes muscles are responsible for stabilizing the head and neck, and helping to maintain the alignment of the head and neck. The sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, and scalenus anterior muscles are responsible for providing stability and movement to the head and neck.

Common Injuries and Issues

Neck muscles can become strained or injured due to overexertion, poor posture, or trauma. Common injuries include muscle sprains, strains, and tears. Injury to the neck muscles can cause pain, stiffness, and decreased range of motion.

Neck pain is also a common issue associated with neck muscles. Neck pain can be caused by muscle tension, poor posture, or trauma. Neck pain can be managed with rest, ice, and over-the-counter medications. Other treatments include physical therapy, massage, and chiropractic care.

In addition to neck pain, neck muscles can also become tight or weak due to overuse or lack of use. This can lead to poor posture, tension headaches, and other issues. Stretching and strengthening exercises can help to relieve tightness and improve strength.

Conclusion

The neck muscles are an intricate and complex group of muscles that make up an important part of the human anatomy. They are responsible for supporting the head and neck, and controlling and stabilizing head and neck movement. The neck muscles consist of three groups of muscles: the superficial, intermediate, and deep muscles. Each group of muscles has its own function, such as providing stability and movement to the head and neck. Common injuries and issues associated with the neck muscles include muscle sprains, strains, and tears, as well as neck pain and tightness or weakness. Treatment for neck injuries and issues can include rest, ice, over-the-counter medications, physical therapy, massage, and chiropractic care.